Google logo 0604：第一次热气球飞行

找了半天资料，还是没找到关于“第一次热气球飞行”，ms第一次热气球飞行不是今天啊？？

莫名其妙，占个位，有空过来补。最近太忙了……

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1953年人类第一次登上喜马拉雅山脉珠穆拉马峰：5月29日,英国登山队的新西兰人希拉里和印度籍夏尔巴人丹增·诺尔盖两人从南坡首次登上顶峰。

It was Sir Edmund Hillary, who was born in New Zealand, and Tenzing Norgay, a Nepalese Sherpa, who reached the summit first, at 11:30 a.m. on May 29, 1953.

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Obviously, this logo is to commemorate the 125th anniversary of Walter Gropius’ birth. A photo of the great architect will be posted at the bottom of this page, and the following is some information about him: (courtesy to wikipedia)

Born in Berlin, Walter Gropius was the third son of Walter Adolph Gropius and Manon Auguste Pauline Scharnweber. Gropius married Alma Mahler (1879-1964), widow of Gustav Mahler. Walter and Alma’s daughter, named Manon after Walter’s mother, was born in 1916. When Manon died of polio at age eighteen, composer Alban Berg wrote his Violin Concerto in memory of her (it is inscribed “to the memory of an angel”). Gropius and Alma divorced in 1920. (Alma had by that time established a relationship with Franz Werfel, whom she later married.) In 1923 Gropius married Ise Frank (d. 1983), and they remained together until his death. They adopted Beate Gropius, also known as Ati. Gropius, like his father and great-uncle Martin Gropius before him, was an architect. But all sources agree that Walter Gropius could not draw, and was dependent on collaborators and partner-interpreters all through his career. In school he hired an assistant to complete his homework for him. In 1908 Gropius found employment with the firm of Peter Behrens, one of the first members of the utilitarian school. His fellow employees at this time included Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Le Corbusier, and Dietrich Marcks. In 1910 Gropius left the firm of Behrens and together with fellow employee Adolf Meyer established a practice in Berlin. Together they share credit for one of the seminal modernist buildings created during this period, the Faguswerk, Alfeld-an-der-Leine, Germany, a shoe lace factory. The glass curtain walls of this building demonstrated both the modernist principle that form reflect function and Gropius’s concern with providing healthful conditions for the working class. Other works of this early period include the office and factory building for the Werkbund Exhibition (1914) in Cologne.

Gropius’s career was interrupted by the outbreak of the first world war in 1914. Called up immediately as a reservist, Gropius served as a sergeant major at the Western front during the war years, was wounded and almost killed.[1] Ironically the war provided an opportunity which would advance his career during the post war period. Henry van de Velde, the master of the Grand-Ducal Saxon School of Arts and Crafts in Weimar was asked to step down in 1915 due to his Belgian nationality. His recommendation of Gropius to succeed him led eventually to Gropius’s appointment as master of the school in 1919. It was this academy which Gropius transformed into the world famous Bauhaus, attracting a faculty which included Paul Klee, Johannes Itten, Josef Albers, Herbet Bayer, László Moholy-Nagy, Otto Bartning and Wassily Kandinsky. Students were taught to use modern and innovative materials and mass-produced fittings, often originally intended for industrial settings, to create original furniture and buildings.

Also in 1919, Gropius was involved in the Glass Chain utopian expressionist correspondence under the pseudonym ‘Mass’. Usually more notable for his functionalist approach, the “Monument to the March Dead”, designed in 1919 and executed in 1920, indicates that expressionism was an influence on him at that time.

In 1923, Gropius aided by Gareth Steele, designed his famous door handles, now considered an icon of 20th century design and often listed as one of the most influential designs to emerge from the Bauhaus. He also designed large scale housing projects in Berlin, Karlsruhe and Dessau from 1926-32 that were major contributions to the New Objectivity movement.

With the help of the English architect Maxwell Fry, Gropius was able to get out of Germany in 1934, on the pretext of making a temporary visit to Britain. He lived and worked in Britain, as part of the Isokon group with Fry and others and then, in 1937, moved on to the United States. The house he built for himself in Lincoln, Massachusetts, was influential in bringing International Modernism to the US but Gropius disliked the term: “I made it a point to absorb into my own conception those features of the New England architectural tradition that I found still alive and adequate” (see [1]).

Gropius and his Bauhaus protégé Marcel Breuer both moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts to teach at the Harvard Graduate School of Design and collaborate on the company-town Aluminum City Terrace project in New Kensington, Pennsylvania, before their professional split. In 1944, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States.

In 1945, Gropius founded The Architects’ Collaborative (TAC) based in Cambridge with a group of younger architects. The original partners included Norman C. Fletcher, Jean B. Fletcher, John C. Harkness, Sarah P. Harkness, Robert S. MacMillan, Louis A. MacMillen, and Benjamin C. Thompson. TAC would become one of the most well-known and respected architectural firms in the world. TAC went bankrupt in 1995.

Gropius died in 1969 in Boston, Massachusetts, aged 86. Today, he is remembered not only by his various buildings but also by the district of Gropiusstadt in Berlin.

In the early 1990s, a series of books entitled The Walter Gropius Archive was published covering his entire architectural career.

阅读全文…

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      大家都知道，Google logo人性化的百变也是它独特的吸引人的地方。每逢一些特殊日子，Google都会依据既有的Logo做变化，产生既有应景的logo。今天发现Google.com换成了这样一幅具有光泽感，速度感的图片。鼠标悬停发现这样的label：invention of the first laser。

      马上上网Google一下，却发现中文网页介绍激光的发明的很少，只有少的可怜的信息。

1960年5月16日，在美国加利福尼亚的休斯空军试验室里，一束激光由红宝石棒中发出，虽然它仅持续了三亿分之一秒，然而它却标志着人类文明史上一个新时代的来临。

      最后在一个叫做laserfocusword的网站上找到了更详细一点的信息。激光的发明人叫做Theodore (Ted) H. Maiman，而他已经在2007年的5月5号与世长辞了。下面是关于他的一些生平资料，同学们可以自己看一下，在心里默默的缅怀一下这位伟大科学家：

    Maiman was born in 1927 and learned electronics from his father, Abe, an electrical engineer for the American Telephone & Telegraph Corporation (AT&T). He began his academic studies at the University of Colorado and earned a B.S. degree in engineering physics in 1949. Two years later he attended Stanford University and obtained a master’s degree in electrical engineering followed by a doctorate in physics in 1955. At Stanford, Maiman studied under the theoretician Willis Lamb, who received the Nobel Prize in physics in 1955, months after Maiman received his doctorate.

    In 1960 Maiman invented the first functioning laser while working at Hughes Aircraft Company. Hughes’s managers had previously assigned Maiman to build a more practical version of the maser using microwave emission from chromium atoms in synthetic ruby crystals. Maiman created a new maser design that eliminated the external magnets in favor of a magnet inside the Dewar, thereby reducing the weight from 5,000 to 25 pounds. In 1962 Maiman established his own enterprise, Korad Corporation, which undertook the development and manufacture of lasers. In 1968, after selling the company to Union Carbide Corporation, Maiman founded Maiman Associates. From 1976 to 1983, Maiman served as vice president of advanced technology at TRW (now Northrop Grumman), where this photo was taken in 1985 to mark the 25th anniversary of his invention of the first working laser. He was most recently a director of Control Laser Corporation and a member of the advisory board of Industrial Research Magazine.

    Maiman is the author of the basic patent on the ruby laser and a number of patents on masers, lasers, laser displays, optical scanning, and modulation. He was twice nominated for the Nobel Prize and was given membership in both National Academies of Science and Engineers. He was also a recipient of 1983/1984 Physics Prize, the same year he was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. Three years later he became laureate of the prestigious Japan Prize, the Asian equivalent of the Nobel Prize. He was a Fellow of the American Physical Society, the Optical Society of America, and the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

P.S.: 中国大陆直接访问www.google.com会被自动转向到www.google.cn而看不到Google百变的logo，大家可以在Google.cn主页点击页面右下方的Google.com in English来进入google英文主页。

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    首先需要说明，本文的发布日期为2009年3月10日，之所以显示为04年是为了便于我管理文章。所以，本页无容置疑的有效，呵呵！这些资料都是从网上不断积累得到的，大部分来自论坛，现在提供给本博的读者。

    1. 胡敏读故事记单词 大学英语六级词汇
2. 胡敏读故事记单词 托福(TOEFL)词汇
3. 胡敏读故事记单词 雅思(IELTS)词汇

    本页内容不断更新中，另外，有需要 胡敏读故事GRE核心词汇的，请点击此处！

    文件都是pdf版的，比较大，我只能用QQ文件中转站的方式发送给大家，有需要的可以在本页留言把Email留下，本人承诺在12小时之内回复，为我的09年的托福考试攒人品，哈哈～

P.S：留Email的时候可以把@替换为#或者其他字符，免得被Google或百度抓到你的Email；也可以给我发邮件machao1021@gmail.com，（请务必保证邮件的主题含有“FLY”字眼！！）。

    okyle from 山东大学
欢迎光临我的博客 www.okyle.cn

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话说八年前，Yahoo决定要拉一把一家刚起步的小公司，在Yahoo主页上使用其搜索技术，并且在关键时还给予资金支持。

在弱肉强食的硅谷，从来就是好心没好报！

那家小公司就是Google，Yahoo的慷慨助长了一个从未遇到过的强大对手。现在面临被微软收购的命运，Yahoo受到了它与Google关系暧昧的惩罚，如对于Google广告模式学习的失败。

Yahoo在世人明白之前就已知晓Google已经把网络变成了一座大金矿。

Google还是一家私立公司时，会像时钟一般准时的把财务报告送交到位于Sunnyvale的Yahoo总部，因为Yahoo是其最早的投资者之一。报告显示了Google的搜索广告业务惊人的增长，每季度翻一番。

“但是Yahoo的管理层并不看重钱，他们对于搜索能带来多少流量更感兴趣”，EllenSiminoff回忆道，他1996年加入Yahoo是管理层之一。

2000年，Yahoo同意使用并推广Google，推荐其为“网上最好的搜索引擎”。Google的共同创始人LarryPage把合同描述为“卓越的里程碑”。

第二年，Yahoo更加慷慨的支付了720万美元购买其服务。（反过来Google付给Yahoo110万美元用于推广。）Google极其需要这笔钱，这让它在一年内扭亏为盈。

Yahoo的资金却周转不灵了。在连续两年赢利后，2001年Yahoo报亏930万美元。股票从2000年1月的118.75美元每股狂跌到2001年9月的4.05美元每股。与此同时，Yahoo的极力推广对Google产生了影响。“当我们在2001年走下破路时，Google却成了欧洲市场不断上升的新星。尤其是在最重要的广告市场英国。”L.JasmineKim回忆道。他是Yahoo全球营销发展部的前副总裁。

“国际团队试图电告Sunnyvale总部他们的忧虑，”Kim回忆道，“事后来看，我们讨论过，应当很容易觉察的到，但是技术以光速在发展，游戏规则已经改变了”。对于和Google关系的疑问到了Yahoo管理层那儿尤如石沉大海。

幸存

科技巨头如Microsoft, Intel和Oracle素以心狠手辣著名，Yahoo却是菩萨心肠。

2002年，Yahoo付给Google1320万美元，比Yahoo全年利润（4300万美元）的四分之一还要多。然而这笔钱对Google却是小菜一碟，它的年利润已膨胀到1亿美元，远远超过了Yahoo。

Yahoo很快就为溺爱Google付出了更高的代价。

2001年5月，Yahoo炒掉了CEOTimKoogle，起用了TerrySemel，一个老练的好莱坞交易商，而他几乎没用过Email。

Semel也许从来不是一位技术大师，但他明白搜索技术将是Yahoo成功的关键。他也意识到Yahoo的一个大问题：它即没有自己的搜索技术也没有处理搜索广告的软件。Semel首先与Overture系统公司签署合同为Yahoo的搜索结果提供广告服务。然后又尝试收购Google。

2002年谈判失败后，12月Semel以2.35亿美元购得Inktomi公司。几个月后以16亿美元买下Overture。一系列的交易让Yahoo突飞猛进。2004年销售翻倍，利润有三倍。2003看7月14日与Overture交易宣布的当天Yahoo股价由16.10美元涨到2004年底的37.68美元。

2005年初，两家公司公布2004年利润时，人们发现Yahoo与Google不相上下。Google的利润增长276%，Yahoo也达到了252%；销售额Yahoo增长了119%，Google为113%。“然而，比超过收入预期更重要的是我们实现目标的方式，反观他们是从一个更高的起点开始的。”CFOSueDecker在2005对分析家说。Semel和Decker对华尔街说Yahoo比Google更有优势，因为Yahoo即有搜索查询触发的广告又有banner形式的图片广告。管理层解释说Yahoo可以交叉销售两种广告,为世界大牌提供一站式服务。

“一年之后就很明显了，简直毫无是处”。Citigroup的分析家MarkMahaney如是说。

本文引自：http://www.kankanblog.com/read.php/316.htm

原文作者：jandan

okyle Google Collection google, googlg, yahoo, 故事

2011.09.17更新：

这段时间有点忙，可能没有来得及回复很多朋友的邮件。刚刚我把文件上传到网盘，把下载地址放出来，大家自己去下载吧。保证可以下载！

下载地址（回复可见）：

抱歉，只有对本文发表过评论才能阅读隐藏内容。

之前的博文：

不得不说，有点对不起某论坛。

今天为了帮一个朋友下载这个AWS D1.1-D1.1M-美国钢结构焊接规范2006-(中文版)，费了好大一番周折。Google和百度都没有找到免费提供http下载的地方，只好采用一种不大光明正大的手段。找到某论坛，注册了3个号才把全部15个压缩包下载完全，-_-!!!

解压之后发现全书一共分3部分，哪三部分？上、中、下呗。pdf版，很清晰。

为了方便需要的朋友，在这里共享给大家。我是穷人，不能提供HTTP下载。老规矩，大家留下邮箱，我给你们发过去。本人承诺24小时内回复！

下图是预览，点击看大图

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